Back pain can occur anywhere along the spine, but
the most common place is the lower back or lumbar
region.
Back pain may be acute or chronic. Acute back pain
starts suddenly and intensely, and usually lasts a short
time (less than a month). Recurrence is common
however, and repeated episodes may eventually lead
to chronic back pain.
Chronic Back pain persists beyond three months,
and even slight movements can trigger it. Chronic pain
is usually harder to treat than acute pain, and often
requires specialist advice.
Age: Discs begin gradual deterioration by age 30 and the discs lose moisture and shrink. This puts more stress on the facet joints which become arthritic with resultant back pain.
Being unfit increases your risk for back pain: Lack of exercise can lead to muscle inflexibility, weak back muscles, weak stomach muscles and increase of weight that puts pressure on the vertebrae and discs, and may threaten your back.
Poor posture: e.g. working at a computer, slouching in front of TV.
Genetic factors: Some people are genetically more prone to back pain, usually from inheriting spinal structural abnormalities. Work that stresses the back, risky activities, lifting, forceful movements, bending and twisting into awkward positions. Improper body mechanics during sporting activities can damage the back e.g. a jerky golf swing or incorrect use of exercise equipment.
Smoking can reduce blood flow to the lower spine and cause the spinal discs to degenerate.
Psychosocial factors such as stress, anxiety, depression, job satisfaction, mental stress. People in depression are likely to have vague physical symptoms, including back pain.
Most back pain can be treated without surgery and
there are certain things you can do to help reduce,
and even prevent back pain.
Exercise: This may be the most effective way to
speed recoveryfrom low back pain and help strengthen
back and abdominal muscles.
Heat: All though hot compresses have never been
scientifically proven to quickly resolve low back injury,
compresses often help reduce pain and inflammation
and allow greater mobility. Warm baths may also help
relax muscles and reduce pain.
Lifting and bending: Take care to use proper techniques
and never lift anything that is too heavy. Good
lifting techniques can help prevent further back pain.
Massage: This increases blood flow and circulation,
which aids sore muscles and the recovery of soft tissue
injury. Massage also decreases muscle tension. This muscle
relaxation can improve flexibility, reduce pain and
may even improve sleep.
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